Final answer:
Vitamin A is the fat-soluble vitamin essential for light-dark vision and color vision. It is found in foods such as carrots and is necessary for the health of several body systems, including vision. An excess of Vitamin A can lead to hypervitaminosis which can be harmful.
Step-by-step explanation:
The fat-soluble vitamin important for light-dark vision and color vision is Vitamin A. This vitamin plays a critical role in the rhodopsin cycle within the retina of the eye, where rod cells contain rhodopsin, a retinal pigment vital for vision in dim light conditions. Vitamin A can be synthesized from the pigment ß-carotene, found in orange vegetables like carrots and sweet potatoes, and is essential for healthy skin, bones, teeth, and particularly for good vision. Deficiency in this vitamin can manifest as difficulties in seeing well at night, also known as night blindness.
Excessive intake of fat-soluble vitamins can lead to a condition called hypervitaminosis, where they accumulate in the body's lipid stores, potentially causing adverse health effects. It's important to obtain vitamins through a balanced diet to maintain overall health and adequate vitamin levels, including those necessary for proper vision, such as Vitamin A.