Final answer:
The U.S. Supreme Court case requiring police to inform suspects of their rights prior to interrogation is Miranda v. Arizona (1966), which instituted the practice of delivering 'Miranda rights' to protect against self-incrimination under the Fifth Amendment.
Step-by-step explanation:
U.S. Supreme Court Case on Miranda Rights
The U.S. Supreme Court case that held that police must inform suspects of their rights prior to custodial interrogation is Miranda v. Arizona, 384 U.S. 436 (1966). In this landmark decision, the Court ruled that suspects must be advised of their constitutional rights to remain silent, to consult with a lawyer, and to have court-appointed counsel if they cannot afford one. The requirement for these warnings, known as Miranda rights, is fundamental in safeguarding the Fifth Amendment protection against self-incrimination. Suspects are also to be informed that they can terminate the interrogation at any time.
This ruling emphasized the necessity for procedural safeguards to ensure that any statements made by an individual are voluntary and not the result of coercion. The Court’s decision in Miranda v. Arizona established that prosecutors could not use statements from custodial interrogations unless these essential warnings were given and the suspect's self-incrimination privilege was effectively protected.