Final answer:
The U.S. Supreme Court's ruling in Brady v. Maryland prevents the suppression of exculpatory evidence, which is evidence that is favorable to the defendant and material to guilt or punishment. The purpose of the Brady rule is to ensure a fair trial and to prevent the conviction of innocent individuals.
Step-by-step explanation:
The U.S. Supreme Court's ruling in Brady v. Maryland prevents the suppression of exculpatory evidence.
The Brady rule, established in 1963, requires prosecutors to disclose any evidence that is favorable to the defendant and that is material to guilt or punishment. This includes evidence that may impeach the credibility of the government's witnesses or support a defense. The purpose of the Brady rule is to ensure a fair trial and to prevent the conviction of innocent individuals.
For example, if the prosecution has evidence that contradicts the defendant's guilt or supports their claim of innocence, such as witness statements or forensic test results, they must disclose that evidence to the defense. Failure to do so can result in the suppression of the evidence and potentially overturn the conviction.