Final answer:
Congenital clubfoot treatment typically begins with non-surgical corrective casting within the first two weeks after birth, with the possibility of surgery in severe cases. Following treatment, a brace for part-time use, special shoes, and exercises may be required to prevent relapse. Close parental monitoring and adherence to postoperative instructions are vital.
Step-by-step explanation:
The initial treatment of congenital clubfoot involves non-surgical methods, primarily utilizing corrective casting, also known as the Ponseti method. Treatment should start within the first two weeks after birth to maximize success. The process of corrective casting includes gently stretching the child's foot towards a more normal position and then applying a cast to hold it in place. This procedure is repeated weekly for several weeks to gradually correct the foot deformity. In cases where non-surgical methods are insufficient, surgical intervention may be necessary. Following both non-surgical and surgical treatments, additional measures such as part-time bracing, special shoes, and exercises are crucial for preventing relapse.
It is important for parents to closely monitor their child's condition and adhere to any prescribed postoperative instructions. With proper treatment and monitoring, most children affected by clubfoot will grow up to lead normal, active lives. The condition has a prevalence of about 1 in every 1,000 births and has a higher incidence in males compared to females. Although the exact cause of clubfoot is unknown, it is believed to be associated with genetic factors and possibly linked to maternal smoking during pregnancy.