Final answer:
Liberals support more government intervention, individual rights, and social programs, while conservatives favor limited government in social matters, traditional values, and gradual political change. Their beliefs shape their views on policies such as affirmative action, abortion rights, and the regulation of personal liberties.
Step-by-step explanation:
The beliefs of liberals and conservatives on various rulings reflect their broader social, political, and economic ideologies. Liberals typically argue for more government intervention in society, emphasizing equality before the law, and sustenance of civil liberties and social programs. They advocate for the protection of individual rights and believe in Enlightenment ideals that emphasize freedom from government intrusion and support for initiatives such as the New Deal which expanded the role of the federal government.Conservatives, in contrast, often support limited government intervention, particularly when it comes to social programs, while favoring increased spending on military and law enforcement. They emphasize traditional family values, national stability through respect for authority and religious doctrine, and economic policies that advocate for reduced government expenditure on social welfare. Moreover, conservatives of the 1980s envisioned discontinuing policies like affirmative action and opposed movements for gay and lesbian rights.These differing views influence political actions and policies, like the conservative-led attempts to overturn Roe v. Wade or to pass laws banning flag-burning, which ultimately reflect the tension between liberals' focus on societal progression and conservatives' inclination towards maintaining established traditions and authority.