Final answer:
To relieve bovine dystocia caused by a malpositioned but viable fetus, a Caesarian section is the most often preferred procedure. It is utilized when manual or instrument-assisted correction is not possible, ensuring the safe delivery of the calf.
Step-by-step explanation:
The most often preferred procedure to alleviate bovine dystocia caused by a malpositioned but viable fetus is a Caesarian section. This surgical intervention is necessary when the fetus is in an abnormal position, such as breech, and cannot be delivered safely through the birth canal. While a Caesarian section is major surgery with potential post-surgical complications for the mother cow, it is sometimes the only option to ensure the safe delivery of the calf.
In veterinary obstetrics, options like in vivo or in vitro fertilization and tubal ligation are not relevant in the context of dystocia during an ongoing birthing process. Assistance during delivery might involve manual correction of the fetal position or the use of obstetric instruments, but when such interventions fail or are not feasible, a Caesarian section is the method of choice.