Final answer:
Decreased RBC levels indicate anemia, while elevated RBC counts suggest polycythemia; anomalies in WBCs and platelets indicate various blood disorders.
Step-by-step explanation:
The terms that represent decreased and elevated levels of red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), and platelets are essential for understanding various blood disorders. Anemia is the condition associated with a decreased RBC count, which can result from blood loss, reduced RBC production, or increased RBC destruction. On the other hand, polycythemia refers to an elevated RBC count, which may arise from dehydration, living at high altitudes, or more serious conditions like polycythemia vera.
Blood disorders affecting WBCs and platelets can indicate a variety of diseases, with relative increases or decreases in cell numbers pointing toward different conditions. The premise of diagnosing these ailments often involves evaluating the production, destruction, and removal of these blood components. Leukemia and lymphoma are some common malignancies involving leukocytes, which are types of WBCs.