Final answer:
Oversensing in an implanted pacemaker can be caused by electromagnetic interference, muscle or diaphragmatic contractions, and lead displacement.
Step-by-step explanation:
Oversensing in an implanted pacemaker can be caused by several factors:
- Electromagnetic interference (EMI): EMI from electronic devices such as cell phones, microwaves, and airport security scanners can interfere with the pacemaker's sensing system, leading to oversensing.
- Muscle or diaphragmatic contractions: Strong muscle contractions or diaphragmatic movement near the pacemaker can be misinterpreted as heartbeats, causing oversensing.
- Lead displacement: If the leads, which carry electrical signals to and from the heart, become dislodged or move from their correct position, oversensing can occur.
These causes of oversensing can result in inappropriate pacing or inhibition of pacing, which may cause symptoms such as dizziness, shortness of breath, or fatigue. In such cases, adjustments or reprogramming of the pacemaker may be necessary. It is important for pacemaker recipients to avoid activities and objects that may interfere with the device's function.