Final answer:
The discontent with hereditary monarchy arose during periods such as the American Revolutionary War and the French Revolution, due to monarchs failing to protect citizen rights and engaging in tyrannical practices, prompting shifts towards republics and constitutional monarchies.
Step-by-step explanation:
Historically, a monarchy has been a form of government wherein a single person, the monarch, rules over a nation or territory, typically for life or until abdication, with the title often inherited by bloodline. This system faced significant challenges during the American Revolutionary War and the French Revolution, as the concept of divine right and hereditary privilege became increasingly questioned. The discontent with hereditary monarchy arose from the perceived failure of monarchs like George III of Great Britain to protect the rights and liberties of their subjects, as well as their extravagant spending and perceived tyrannical rule.
Citizens began to advocate for a transition toward more representative forms of government, such as republics, where elected officials would govern in the best interests of the people rather than adhering to the interests of a singular ruling family. The introduction of constitutional monarchies was one way in which nations began to limit the powers of the monarchy, aligning more closely with democratic values and providing a check against absolute rule. These transformative periods highlighted the importance of responsive and representative governance and laid the groundwork for many of the democratic institutions we see today.