Final Answer:
When a driver steps on the brake pedal, hydraulic pressure is generated in the brake master cylinder, transmitting this pressure through brake lines to each wheel's brake caliper or drum. The caliper or drum then applies friction to the brake pads or shoes, creating resistance against the rotating brake disc or drum. This process converts kinetic energy into heat, slowing down the wheel rotation until the car comes to a complete stop.
Step-by-step explanation:
The brake system in a car undergoes a series of steps when a driver engages the brake pedal. When the brake pedal is depressed, the brake master cylinder, filled with brake fluid, is activated. The pressure generated in the master cylinder is transmitted through brake lines to each wheel's brake caliper or drum. In disc brake systems, the caliper squeezes the brake pads against the brake disc, creating friction. In drum brake systems, the brake shoes press against the drum. The resulting friction converts the kinetic energy of the rotating wheel into heat, gradually bringing the car to a stop.