Final answer:
The trusses above a bridge are called the superstructure. Truss bridges are known for their triangular truss patterns, which provide strength and stability. They are designed to distribute the weight of the bridge evenly to the piers or supports on either side.
Step-by-step explanation:
In engineering, the trusses above a bridge are called the superstructure. The superstructure consists of the truss or framework that supports the bridge deck and carries the load of the bridge. Truss bridges are known for their triangular truss patterns, which provide strength and stability.
Truss bridges are commonly used in Civil Engineering to span long distances and provide support for various types of transportation, such as vehicles or pedestrians. They are designed to distribute the weight of the bridge evenly to the piers or supports on either side.
For example, in the case of a simple beam bridge, the trusses would be located above the deck, supporting it and transferring the weight to the piers. This design allows the bridge to span longer distances without sagging or collapsing.