Final answer:
REALM, which stands for Rapid Estimates of Adult Literacy in Medicine, is a screening tool used in healthcare settings. It's separate from GRALE 5 data, which highlights issues in adult literacy rates, particularly among vulnerable populations, and notes an increase in female adult literacy.
Step-by-step explanation:
The REALM or Rapid Estimates of Adult Literacy in Medicine is a tool used to quickly assess a patient's reading ability in the context of healthcare settings. It is not directly related to the data on adult literacy provided by UNESCO's Fifth Global Report on Adult Learning and Education (GRALE). However, the mention of GRALE highlights the broader issue of adult literacy and its importance in various aspects of life, including health. GRALE 5 has reported that 60% of countries saw no improvement in the adult literacy of adults with disabilities, prisoners, and adult migrants. Moreover, 24% of countries report a decline in adult literacy in rural populations and a similar decline in older adult literacy. Despite these challenges, there is an increase in female adult literacy, indicating progress in certain demographics but also underscoring the ongoing need for literacy development.