Final answer:
In androgen sensitivity syndrome, gonads are removed in cases of tumor risk or gender-affirming surgery, while in XY gonadal dysgenesis (Swyer syndrome), they are removed due to an increased risk of malignancy.
Step-by-step explanation:
Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS) and XY Gonadal Dysgenesis (Swyer Syndrome) are two different conditions related to the development of gonads in individuals with XY chromosomes. AIS is characterized by impaired response to androgens, resulting in individuals with male sex chromosomes but female or ambiguous external genitalia. In AIS, the gonads (testes) are often removed if there is a risk of developing tumors or if the individual chooses to undergo gender-affirming surgery.
On the other hand, in XY Gonadal Dysgenesis or Swyer Syndrome, the gonads (streak gonads or undeveloped ovaries) are typically removed due to an increased risk of malignancy. This is usually done during childhood to protect the individual's health.