Final answer:
Pertussis, also known as whooping cough, is the infection associated with paroxysmal cough and/or post-tussive emesis. It is caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis and is highly contagious.
Step-by-step explanation:
Pertussis, also known as whooping cough, is the infection associated with paroxysmal cough and/or post-tussive emesis. It is caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis, which leads to mucus accumulation in the lungs and severe coughing episodes. This coughing can be so intense that it can induce vomiting in some cases. Pertussis is highly contagious and can be transmitted through droplets, making the coughing episodes an efficient means of spreading the disease.