Final answer:
Chemotherapy can indirectly lead to bacteremia by suppressing the immune system and damaging mucosal barriers.
Step-by-step explanation:
Chemotherapy, a treatment commonly used for cancer, can indirectly lead to bacteremia. Chemotherapy drugs can suppress the immune system, making the patient more susceptible to infections, including bacterial infections. Additionally, chemotherapy can cause damage to the mucosal barriers in the body, allowing bacteria to enter the circulatory system and potentially leading to bacteremia.