Final answer:
Individuals with sickle cell anemia can experience acute renal failure among other renal disorders because their sickle-shaped red blood cells can obstruct blood flow to the kidneys.
Step-by-step explanation:
Individuals with sickle cell anemia can develop various renal (kidney) disorders due to the shape and rigidity of their sickle-shaped erythrocytes (red blood cells). These cells can obstruct blood flow in capillaries, leading to kidney damage. One specific complication that can arise is acute renal failure, which is a severe condition where the kidneys suddenly become unable to filter waste products from the blood. Diagnosis of sickle cell anemia is often based on signs of anemia, jaundice, and hemolysis after exposure to stressors, supported by family history and tests confirming abnormal hemoglobin S production and crescent-shaped erythrocytes.