Final answer:
Congenital heart diseases with right-to-left shunts, such as Tetralogy of Fallot, are associated with neurodevelopmental disorders due to the impaired oxygenation of the brain caused by the mixing of oxygen-poor and oxygen-rich blood.
Step-by-step explanation:
The neurological disorder commonly associated with congenital heart disease, especially right-to-left (R->L) shunts, is a neurodevelopmental disorder. This association is particularly seen in conditions such as Tetralogy of Fallot, which is a congenital heart defect involving four anatomical abnormalities of the heart. One of the consequences of such congenital heart diseases is the increased risk of brain abnormalities due to the reduced oxygen supply, as poorly oxygenated blood bypasses the lungs and is sent throughout the body, including the brain. This can lead to developmental delays and other neurodevelopmental challenges in children.