Final answer:
Common infections in individuals with CVID include sinusitis, skin infections, and opportunistic infections such as pneumocystis pneumonia and CMV, treated with specific antimicrobials. While there's no cure for CVID, management includes antibiotics, antivirals, and immunoglobulin replacement. For HIV, antiretroviral cocktails control the progression.
Step-by-step explanation:
Common Infections and Treatment of CVID
Common Variable Immune Deficiency (CVID) is an immune system disorder that leads to a decreased ability to fight off infections. Due to this condition, individuals are more susceptible to a variety of infections, including sinusitis, skin infections, and food poisoning. Opportunistic infections such as pneumocystis pneumonia, which is treated with anti-fungal drugs, and CMV infections, which can lead to serious health issues, are also common in people with CVID or those with other conditions causing immune suppression like AIDS or following organ transplants. Treatment protocols often include the use of antibiotics for bacterial infections, such as azithromycin or doxycycline for infections caused by C. trachomatis, and antiviral drugs for viral infections. For those with CVID, immunoglobulin replacement therapy is also a key component of treatment to boost the immune system.
No cure currently exists for CVID, and treatment is focused on managing symptoms and preventing complications. For HIV, a similar condition with regard to immunodeficiency, antiretroviral drugs are used in a cocktail to slow the progression of the disease but cannot eliminate the virus completely. In the case of more resistant infections like CRE, new drugs such as tigecycline may be employed. Supportive treatments may be necessary for self-limiting or chronic infections.