Final answer:
Down Syndrome, or Trisomy 21, is a genetic disorder involving an extra chromosome 21, which can lead to intellectual disabilities and health complications such as gastrointestinal issues. The chance of having a child with Down Syndrome increases with maternal age, especially after 36. Proper support can enhance the quality of life for those with Down Syndrome.
Step-by-step explanation:
Down Syndrome, also referred to as Trisomy 21, is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21. Individuals with Down Syndrome often have distinctive physical features, potential intellectual disabilities, and may face a variety of health issues, including gastrointestinal complications such as diarrhea, stomach cramps, and malabsorption syndrome. Healthcare professionals should provide current and comprehensive information to families, including discussing the many positive aspects of raising a child with Down Syndrome.
The risk of having a child with Trisomy 21 increases significantly with the mother's age, particularly in women over the age of 36. An important aspect of Down Syndrome is the chromosomal nondisjunction during meiosis, which results in the extra chromosome. Despite the challenges, individuals with Down Syndrome can lead fulfilling lives with proper support and medical care.