Final answer:
Patients with Turner syndrome are at high risk for thyroid disorders such as hypothyroidism, which is due to the lower activity of the thyroid gland, while Graves' disease is less common in Turner patients and leads to hyperthyroidism.
Step-by-step explanation:
Patients with Turner syndrome can acquire thyroid disorders, particularly hypothyroidism.
Turner syndrome is a genetic condition that affects females, typically characterized by the partial or complete absence of one of the X chromosomes. Individuals with Turner syndrome are at higher risk of developing thyroid problems, especially hypothyroidism, which occurs due to underactivity of the thyroid gland. Hypothyroidism results in reduced production of thyroid hormones, leading to symptoms like fatigue, weight gain, and sensitivity to cold.
In contrast, Graves' disease is associated with hyperthyroidism and is more common in the general population than in Turner patients. This condition is also an autoimmune disorder, where abnormal antibodies cause the thyroid gland to overproduce hormones. Symptoms can include heat intolerance, weight loss, goiter, and bulging eyes (Graves' ophthalmopathy).