Final answer:
Glyburide, a sulfonylurea, poses increased risks such as hypoglycemia and must be carefully prescribed, taking patient-specific factors like cardiovascular disease into account. Pharmacogenetics is vital for personalized medicine in type 2 diabetes management.
Step-by-step explanation:
Increased risks associated with glyburide compared to insulin involve the potential for hypoglycemia, which symptoms include feelings of hunger, sweating, shakiness, and weakness. These side effects were observed in a patient being treated for type 2 diabetes, which constitutes around 90% of all diabetes cases and is primarily caused by insulin resistance. When prescribing antidiabetic drugs, especially sulfonylureas like glyburide, doctors must consider a patient's overall health profile, including the presence of cardiovascular disease or renal dysfunction, since such conditions can complicate treatment. Understanding the manifestation of diabetes, such as hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) or hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), is crucial because these conditions must be closely monitored to ensure proper treatment. Pharmacogenetics, the study of how genetic variations affect individual responses to drugs, is becoming increasingly important in optimizing medication effectiveness and avoiding adverse reactions.