Final answer:
The presence of adequate sharps containers helps to reduce needle injuries, which are a risk for contamination and potential infection by diseases such as HBV and HIV, especially for healthcare workers and those with addictions. Adhering to sterilization, aseptic techniques, and proper disposal practices can further minimize these risks.
Step-by-step explanation:
The presence of an adequate number of sharps containers reduces the risk of needle injuries occurring from a variety of actions. These include situations where there is potential for contamination, such as during medical procedures. Medical professionals like phlebotomists and dentists are at higher risk of needle sticks due to the nature of their work. People with addictions, such as drug addicts, are also at risk when using needles. Reducing needle stick injuries is crucial to prevent the transmission of blood-borne pathogens like hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), both of which can be spread through contaminated needles.
Precautions to prevent needle stick injuries include the use of sharps containers, adherence to sterilization protocols, and practicing aseptic techniques. Proper disposal of sharps in designated containers minimizes the risk of accidental sticks, thereby reducing the potential for infection. Additionally, procedures should be performed in a sterile environment to maintain aseptic conditions and prevent sepsis. Health-care settings can further reduce transmission of diseases like HBV through post-exposure prophylaxis and vaccination, thorough disinfection of surfaces with solutions like bleach, and diligent testing of blood products.