Final answer:
In abnormal CXR terminology, infiltrate refers to the presence of abnormal substances in the lung tissue, consolidation is opaque patches or areas of increased density in the lungs, hyperlucency refers to abnormally transparent areas in the lungs, and vascular markings are visible blood vessels in the lung.
Step-by-step explanation:
In abnormal CXR terminology, infiltrate refers to the presence of abnormal substances, such as fluid or inflammatory cells, in the lung tissue. It is often seen in conditions like pneumonia, where pockets in the lung become filled with fluid, resulting in white areas on the X-ray image.
Consolidation is another term used in abnormal CXR terminology, referring to opaque patches or areas of increased density in the lungs. It is often seen in pneumonia, where the lung tissue becomes filled with inflammatory cells, causing the affected areas to appear white on the X-ray image.
Hyperlucency in CXR terminology refers to areas in the lung that appear abnormally transparent or black on the X-ray image. This can be seen in conditions like pneumothorax, where air accumulates in the pleural cavity, causing the lung to collapse and appear hyperlucent on the X-ray.
Vascular markings refer to visible blood vessels in the lung on a chest X-ray. Normal vascular markings in the lungs are typically seen as thin lines, indicating a normal blood flow.