Final answer:
Carbon monoxide poisoning results from excessive inhalation of CO, presenting flu-like symptoms and potentially leading to severe health consequences. The primary treatment is the administration of oxygen, which shortens the half-life of CO in the blood and helps displace CO from hemoglobin, facilitating the restoration of oxygen transport in the body.
Step-by-step explanation:
Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning occurs when CO builds up in your bloodstream. When too much CO accumulates, it can prevent your body from using oxygen, leading to serious tissue damage. The symptoms of CO poisoning are often described as "flu-like" and include headache, dizziness, weakness, vomiting, chest pain, and confusion. Severe exposures can lead to loss of consciousness, arrhythmias, seizures, or even death. CO's affinity for hemoglobin is much stronger than that of oxygen, which severely affects the oxygen transport and delivery system in the body.
One of the key treatments for CO poisoning is the administration of oxygen. When a person breathes normal air, the half-life for CO in the blood is approximately 320 minutes. This is significantly shortened to about 80 minutes when oxygen therapy, typically via a non-rebreather mask, is administered. For pregnant women, oxygen is administered for longer periods due to potential effects on the baby.
Removing the individual from the exposure to CO is crucial as an initial step. If they are unconscious, CPR may be necessary. The use of oxygen helps to hasten the dissociation of CO from carboxyhemoglobin, turning it back into hemoglobin. This treatment is critical as it works to restore the body's capacity to carry oxygen again.