Final answer:
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease defined by elevated blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production or insulin resistance. It encompasses type 1 and type 2 diabetes, requiring management via lifestyle changes, blood sugar monitoring, and possibly medication or insulin injections.
Step-by-step explanation:
Diabetes Mellitus
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic health condition characterized by high concentrations of glucose in the blood, known as hyperglycemia. The pancreas produces a hormone called insulin, which helps cells in the body absorb glucose from the bloodstream for energy. In people with diabetes, either the pancreas does not produce enough insulin, or the body's cells do not respond properly to insulin, leading to elevated blood glucose levels. This condition manifests in symptoms such as frequent urination, increased thirst, and increased hunger.
There are two main types of diabetes mellitus: type 1 and type 2. Type 1 diabetes is typically diagnosed in children and young adults, where the body does not produce insulin. On the other hand, Type 2 diabetes is more common in adults and is often associated with lifestyle factors such as obesity and physical inactivity. Both conditions require medical management, which may include lifestyle changes, monitoring of blood sugar levels, and potentially insulin injections or other medications.
As of recent data, an estimated 422 million people globally suffer from diabetes, and the prevalence is higher in developed countries. In the United States, more than 18 million adults have been diagnosed with diabetes mellitus, with millions more having pre-diabetes or undiagnosed diabetes. Early diagnosis and proper treatment are crucial to managing diabetes and preventing complications.
Diabetes mellitus is a disease with abnormally high blood glucose levels due to insulin deficiency or resistance. Treatment includes lifestyle modifications, blood sugar monitoring, and possibly insulin therapy.