Final answer:
Kidney failure, or end-stage renal disease, is the condition where the kidneys are unable to remove waste and excess fluid from the blood. There are two types of kidney failure: acute renal failure, which is sudden and often reversible, and chronic kidney disease, which is a progressive long-term condition. Renal failure results in biochemical and physiological changes in the body, leading to imbalances in fluid and electrolytes, presence of blood in urine, and anemia. It also has implications on other diseases, particularly cardiovascular disease.
Step-by-step explanation:
Kidney failure, also known as end-stage renal disease (ESRD), occurs when the kidneys are unable to effectively remove waste and excess fluid from the blood. There are two types of kidney failure: acute renal failure, which is sudden and often reversible, and chronic kidney disease, which is a long-term condition that progressively worsens over time.
In renal failure/ESRD, there are several biochemical and physiological changes in the body. These include elevated levels of serum creatinine, abnormal fluid balance, disrupted acid levels, abnormal levels of potassium, calcium, and phosphate in the blood, presence of blood in the urine, and anemia. Additionally, long-term kidney problems can impact other diseases, such as cardiovascular disease.