Final answer:
The medical treatments for DKA and HHNS include IV regular insulin, isotonic fluids, and IV potassium solution. Bicarbonate is not a recommended treatment for DKA due to potential complications.
Step-by-step explanation:
The medical treatments for DKA (diabetic ketoacidosis) are:
A. IV regular insulin - This is used to lower the blood glucose levels and correct the metabolic imbalances in DKA.
B. Isotonic fluids - These are given to rehydrate the patient and replace the lost fluids and electrolytes.
C. Bicarbonate - This is NOT a medical treatment for DKA as it is not recommended due to potential complications. Bicarbonate may worsen metabolic acidosis and is not a preferred treatment.
D. IV potassium solution - This is given to replenish the potassium levels in the body as they can be depleted in DKA.
For HHNS (hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome), the medical treatments are similar, with emphasis on rehydration and insulin therapy.