Final answer:
In cataract surgery, the viscous jelly used to occupy space and protect intraocular structures is Healon. Cataracts mainly diffuse light, causing blurred vision. Pilocarpine is utilized to treat glaucoma by reducing intraocular pressure.
Step-by-step explanation:
In cataract surgery, a viscous jelly sometimes used to occupy space is Healon (C). This jelly is employed to maintain the space within the eye during procedures and to protect the corneal endothelium and other intraocular tissues. The aqueous humor is the watery fluid that fills the anterior chamber of the eye, but this is not what is used in the cataract surgery for the jelly-like substance's purpose. To answer the question regarding whether a cataract disperses or diffuses light a cataract, which is cloudiness in the lens of the eye primarily diffuses light leading to blurred vision and glare rather than neatly dispersing it.
Regarding the use of laser light for retinal repairs, laser rays must be parallel when entering the eye to ensure precise targeting for spot-welding the retina. This is crucial to avoid damage to surrounding structures and to provide an effective repair. Pilocarpine is a medication used in eye care that contracts the ciliary muscle leading to increased drainage of aqueous humor and consequently reducing intraocular pressure which is useful in treating glaucoma.