Final answer:
Propofol is the drug used in induction and sedation for short operative procedures, and it is known for causing pain on injection, respiratory and cardiac depression, and hypotension.
Step-by-step explanation:
The drug that is used in induction and sedation for short operative procedures and has the main disadvantages of pain on injection, respiratory and cardiac depression, and hypotension is propofol.
Injectable anesthetics are utilized for the induction and maintenance of unconsciousness during surgeries. Injectable anesthetics like propofol are preferred for their rapid onset and reliability, although they have disadvantages such as pain on injection, potential for respiratory and cardiac depression, and causing hypotension.
Other compounds, such as ketamine, are used in different circumstances, for example in emergency field anesthesia or where rapid induction is required. Volatile anesthetics like desflurane are less commonly associated with the drawbacks seen with injectable anesthetics, as they are less flammable and have reduced side effects compared to older agents like diethyl ether.