Final answer:
The standard surgical treatment for chronic dacryocystitis is dacryocystorhinostomy, a procedure that creates a new tear drain to bypass the blocked duct.
Step-by-step explanation:
The procedure that is typically done for chronic dacryocystitis, which is the inflammation of the lacrimal sac often associated with a plugged nasolacrimal duct, is known as dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR). During this surgical procedure, a new tear drain is created between the lacrimal sac and the inside of the nose to allow tears to bypass the blocked part of the tear duct. This operation can be performed either through an external incision (external DCR) or by an endonasal approach without skin incisions (endonasal DCR). Other options such as lacrimal duct probing (typically for infants with congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction), extirpation (removal of the organ or tissue), or myectomy (removal of muscle) are not the standard treatments for chronic dacryocystitis.