Final answer:
Instrument flight is the act of relying on cockpit instruments for guidance during takeoff and landing. Key instruments used in instrument flight include the attitude indicator and the altimeter.
Step-by-step explanation:
The act of taking off and landing relying solely on instruments inside the cockpit for guidance is known as instrument flight. This is a technique used in aviation which requires pilots to use the aircraft's instruments to navigate and control the plane, rather than relying on external visual references.
One key instrument used in instrument flight is the attitude indicator, also known as the artificial horizon. This instrument provides information on the orientation of the aircraft in relation to the horizon, helping the pilot maintain proper aircraft attitude during takeoff and landing.
Another important instrument is the altimeter, which measures the aircraft's altitude above sea level. This is crucial during takeoff and landing to ensure the aircraft maintains a safe altitude above the ground.