Final answer:
When the controller states to 'Maintain runway heading after takeoff', it means that the pilot should continue flying in the same direction they were heading while taking off until further instructions are given.
Step-by-step explanation:
When the controller states to 'Maintain runway heading after takeoff', it means that the pilot should continue flying in the same direction they were heading while taking off until further instructions are given. This instruction is commonly given to ensure proper separation between departing aircraft and other traffic. It is important for pilots to follow this instruction to maintain safety in the airspace.