Final answer:
When landing on a short runway with calm wind, the pilot must consider the crosswind component and point the airplane somewhat east of north to compensate for the wind velocity. By using a vector equation, the pilot can determine the angle the airplane must fly relative to the air mass to have a velocity parallel to the runway. Last minute maneuvers may be necessary to land with the wheels pointing straight down the runway.
Step-by-step explanation:
When attempting to land on a short runway with calm wind, it is important for the pilot to consider the crosswind component. This is the component of the wind that is perpendicular to the runway. The pilot must point the airplane somewhat east of north to compensate for the wind velocity. By constructing a vector equation that includes the velocity of the airplane with respect to the ground, the velocity of the airplane with respect to the air, and the velocity of the air with respect to the ground, the pilot can determine the angle at which the airplane must fly relative to the air mass to have a velocity parallel to the runway. Additionally, last minute maneuvers may be required to ensure that the airplane lands with its wheels pointing straight down the runway.