Final answer:
Full flight instrumentation for CAT I ILS and PAR approaches involves various avionics, including essential instruments along with specific systems like ILS receivers for CAT I ILS. While PAR approaches don't require ILS equipment, pilots still need standard instruments to fly based on controller guidance and maintain communication with ATC throughout the approach.
Step-by-step explanation:
Full flight instrumentation for a Category I (CAT I) Instrument Landing System (ILS) and a Precision Approach Radar (PAR) typically involves a specific set of avionics that allows a pilot to perform an approach to an airport under instrument flight rules (IFR). The essential components include an Attitude Indicator, Airspeed Indicator, Altimeter, Vertical Speed Indicator, Heading Indicator, and Marker Beacon Receiver. In addition, for a CAT I ILS approach, equipment such as a Flight Director, Autopilot with approach mode, and ILS receiver with Glideslope are required. The aircraft must also be equipped with navigation equipment that can receive and process the ILS signals, including Localizer and Glideslope information.
A PAR approach does not necessarily require the aircraft to have ILS capabilities since it relies on ground-based radar and controllers verbally guiding the pilot to the runway. However, having standard instruments such as an Attitude Indicator, Altimeter, Airspeed Indicator, and Heading Indicator remain crucial for the pilot to maintain proper flight parameters based on controller instructions. The pilot must continually report back to the controller on these instrumentation readings to ensure precision on the approach path.
It's important for both systems to have a properly functioning communications radio to receive guidance from Air Traffic Control (ATC) for a safe and accurate approach. Additionally, an onboard navigation system like a GPS can be helpful for situational awareness, although it's not essential for the actual ILS or PAR approach procedures.