Final answer:
The classical school of criminology is a theory that views criminal behavior as a result of free will and rational choice. It emphasizes the importance of punishment as a deterrent, equality before the law, and individual rights. These principles are based on the rationality of human behavior.
Step-by-step explanation:
The classical school of criminology is a theory that views criminal behavior as a result of free will and rational choice. It emerged during the 18th century and was heavily influenced by the Enlightenment period. The main principles or assumptions of the classical school of criminology include:
- Rationality: People commit crimes after weighing the potential benefits and costs. They act in their own self-interest and seek to maximize pleasure and minimize pain.
- Punishment: Punishment should be swift, certain, and proportionate to the crime committed. It serves as a deterrent to potential criminals.
- Equality before the law: The law applies equally to all individuals, regardless of their social status or wealth.
- Individual rights: Individuals have certain rights and liberties that should be protected by the legal system. These rights include the presumption of innocence until proven guilty and the right to a fair trial.