Final answer:
Factors associated with improved survival in patients with cardiac arrest include prompt initiation of CPR, early defibrillation using an AED, and the use of hypothermia therapy.
Step-by-step explanation:
Improved survival in patients with cardiac arrest has been associated with several factors. One important factor is the prompt initiation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). CPR helps maintain blood flow and oxygenation to vital organs, including the brain, until more definitive treatment can be provided.
In addition, early defibrillation using an automated external defibrillator (AED) can greatly improve survival. AEDs deliver an electrical shock to the heart to restore a normal rhythm in cases of abnormal heart rhythms like ventricular fibrillation or ventricular tachycardia.
Another factor is the use of hypothermia therapy in some cases. Controlled hypothermia, where the patient's body temperature is lowered to reduce brain damage, has shown improved outcomes in cardiac arrest patients.