Final answer:
The agonists and antagonists for different exercises are identified in this answer and their functions are explained.
Step-by-step explanation:
The agonist for a bicep curl is the biceps brachii muscle. When you curl your arm, the biceps brachii muscle contracts and acts as the prime mover. The antagonist for a bicep curl is the triceps brachii muscle. The triceps relaxes while the biceps contracts, allowing the arm to bend.
The agonist for a knee extension is the quadriceps femoris muscle. When you extend your knee, the quadriceps femoris contracts and acts as the prime mover. The antagonist for a knee extension is the hamstrings, which relaxes to allow the knee to extend.
The agonist for calf raises is the gastrocnemius muscle. When you raise your heel off the ground, the gastrocnemius muscle contracts and acts as the prime mover. The antagonist for calf raises is the tibialis anterior muscle, which relaxes as the gastrocnemius contracts.
The agonist for chest press is the pectoralis major muscle. When you push the weight away from your chest, the pectoralis major contracts and acts as the prime mover. The antagonist for chest press is the rhomboid muscle, which relaxes as the pectoralis major contracts.
The agonist for lat pulldown is the latissimus dorsi muscle. When you pull the bar down towards your chest, the latissimus dorsi muscle contracts and acts as the prime mover. The antagonist for lat pulldown is the pectoralis major, which relaxes as the latissimus dorsi contracts.