Final answer:
The question pertains to condition-based monitoring, an engineering method used to monitor equipment conditions with minimal disassembly. The ultrasonic bolt elongation monitor, initially developed by NASA for mine safety, is a prime example that has evolved for diverse uses including railroad ties evaluation and medical diagnostics.
Step-by-step explanation:
The concept in question relates to condition-based monitoring (CBM), an engineering approach whereby equipment is monitored during its normal operating conditions. The purpose of this monitoring is to detect any changes that may indicate a potential failure. An example of such a technology is the ultrasonic bolt elongation monitor, which has been developed to ensure mine safety by measuring the tension and high-pressure loads on bolts and fasteners without removing or extensively disassembling the equipment.
This technology was initially created by a NASA scientist and has since found a wide range of applications, including but not limited to, the non-destructive evaluation of railroad ties, groundwater analysis, and medical testing devices. Among its medical applications, it is used to assess levels of internal swelling and pressure, helping in the diagnosis and treatment of conditions like intracranial pressure and compartment syndrome.