Final Answer:
OBD-II requires the Powertrain Control Module (PCM) to detect faults allowing emissions that exceed 1.5 times the FTP (Federal Test Procedure) standard.
Step-by-step explanation:
On-Board Diagnostics II (OBD-II) is a system that monitors the performance of a vehicle's engine and emissions systems. It requires the Powertrain Control Module (PCM) to detect faults that could lead to emissions exceeding the Federal Test Procedure (FTP) standard. The FTP is a standardized test used to measure a vehicle's emissions under various driving conditions. If the PCM identifies a fault that results in emissions surpassing 1.5 times the FTP standard, it triggers the OBD-II system to illuminate the "Check Engine" light, indicating a potential issue that requires attention.