Final answer:
Three factors that affect braking distance are initial speed, friction between the tires and the road, and reaction time.
Step-by-step explanation:
Braking distance is affected by three main factors:
- Initial speed: The faster the vehicle is traveling, the longer the braking distance will be. This is because more time and distance are required to decelerate and stop a vehicle that is moving at a higher speed.
- Friction between the tires and the road: The condition of the road surface and the type of tires on the vehicle can significantly impact the amount of friction available for braking. For example, braking on wet or icy roads will result in a longer braking distance compared to braking on dry roads.
- Reaction time: The time it takes for the driver to recognize the need to brake and actually apply the brakes affects the overall stopping distance. A longer reaction time means the vehicle will travel a greater distance before the brakes are applied, resulting in a longer total braking distance.