Final answer:
Lintels are structural elements used in masonry structures to transfer the load above an opening to the surrounding walls. They provide support and prevent collapse.
Step-by-step explanation:
Lintels are structural elements used in masonry structures to transfer the load above an opening, such as a door or window, to the surrounding walls. They are typically horizontal beams or architraves that span across the opening and are supported by vertical columns or posts. The main function of lintels is to provide structural support and prevent the collapse of the masonry above the opening.
For example, in a brick wall, lintels can be made of materials like steel, concrete, or wood and are placed above doorways or windows to distribute the weight of the wall above the opening to the adjacent walls or columns. This allows for the creation of larger openings and more flexible floor plans in buildings.