Final Answer:
For a myelogram, patients should be NPO for a specified number of hours (commonly 6 hours), with the withholding of medications such as phenothiazines, CNS depressants, and stimulants for a designated period before the procedure.
Post-neuro checks are essential, and the patient's head of the bed (HOB) should be elevated for water-soluble contrast myelograms and flat for oil-soluble contrast myelograms. Additionally, oral analgesics can be administered for headaches, and the patient should be encouraged to consume fluids while being monitored for a distended bladder and site inspection.
Step-by-step explanation:
A myelogram is a diagnostic procedure involving the injection of contrast dye into the spinal canal to visualize the spinal cord and nerve roots. Pre-procedural considerations include ensuring the patient is NPO for a specific duration, commonly around 6 hours, to reduce the risk of aspiration during the procedure. Medications like phenothiazines, CNS depressants, and stimulants are often withheld for a designated period before the myelogram to prevent potential interactions or adverse effects.
Post-neuro checks are crucial to assess for any neurological changes or complications after the procedure. The positioning of the patient's head of the bed (HOB) depends on the type of contrast used; for water-soluble contrast myelograms, the HOB is elevated, while for oil-soluble contrast myelograms, it remains flat.
Oral analgesics may be administered to manage headaches, a common post-myelogram symptom. Encouraging oral fluids helps flush out the contrast material and prevent dehydration. Continuous monitoring for a distended bladder and regular inspection of the injection site are essential components of post-myelogram care, ensuring the patient's safety and well-being.