Final answer:
When parked facing downhill, turn your wheels toward the curb to prevent the vehicle from rolling into traffic. While in an ideally banked curve, the car seat exerts a force upward and toward the center of the curve. Reduced moment of inertia in racing bicycle wheels allows for quicker acceleration and deceleration.
Step-by-step explanation:
When parked facing downhill, you should turn your wheels toward the curb or side of the road. This is a safety measure to ensure that if the brakes fail, the vehicle will roll into the curb and stop rather than moving down the hill into traffic. To answer the supplementary question, if you are negotiating a curve that is ideally banked for your car's speed, you should not feel yourself thrown to either side. The banking of the curve counters the sideways force. The force exerted on you by the car seat will be directed upwards, along with a normal force, and towards the center of the curve, providing a centripetal force that keeps you in circular motion.
As for the design of a racing bicycle. If the wheels are designed with a reduced moment of inertia, the bicycle can accelerate and decelerate more quickly, which is beneficial in a race. When viewing a bicyclist passing by from a stationary point, and considering the reference frame of the bicyclist, you would appear to be moving to the left since the cyclist's forward motion makes it seem as if stationary objects are moving in the opposite direction. The strategic positioning on a hillside during military engagements recommends taking the sunny side with the slope on your right rear to provide natural cover and advantageous positioning for your soldiers.