Final answer:
The Montreal Protocol is the basis for Section 608, aiming to protect the ozone layer by phasing out harmful substances. The U.S. decides on entering treaties or executive agreements based on constitutional processes and political considerations, exemplified by the 2015 Iran Nuclear Agreement debate.
Step-by-step explanation:
The international treaty agreement that served as the basis for Section 608 is the Montreal Protocol. This Protocol is an international treaty designed to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production of numerous substances believed to be responsible for ozone depletion. While Section 608 pertains to the regulation of substances that deplete the ozone layer within the United States, the treaty itself sets forth global regulations and was adopted in 1987 and then entered into force in 1989.
The decision of whether to enter into an agreement as an Article II treaty or through an executive agreement impacts the level of Congressional involvement. Treaties require a two-thirds vote in the Senate, while executive agreements may not require Senate approval. The debate over the appropriate use of these instruments is often lively, as seen with the 2015 Iran Nuclear Agreement.