Final answer:
Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) usually presents with signs such as unusual bleeding or discharge, the development of a lump or thickening in the breast, indigestion or difficulty in swallowing, changes in a mole or wart, and in rare cases, a persistent cough or hoarseness.
Step-by-step explanation:
Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) usually presents with certain signs and symptoms. Some of the common presentations include:
- Unusual bleeding or discharge: DCIS can cause nipple discharge or bleeding that is not associated with breastfeeding or menstruation.
- Thickening or lump in the breast or elsewhere: DCIS can cause the development of a palpable lump or thickening in the breast.
- Indigestion or difficulty in swallowing: Although less common, DCIS can sometimes involve the ducts near the esophagus, leading to indigestion or difficulty in swallowing.
- Obvious change in wart or mole: In rare cases, DCIS can present as a change in the appearance of a mole or wart.
- Nagging cough or hoarseness: DCIS rarely causes respiratory symptoms, but in some cases, it may involve the respiratory tract and cause a persistent cough or hoarseness.