Final answer:
A gait cycle is the period from when the heel of one foot touches the floor until the same foot contacts the floor again, encompassing the entire step process. It assists in diagnosing abnormal gait patterns and in balancing in bipedal organisms.
Step-by-step explanation:
The gait cycle is best described as the time the heel of one extremity touches the floor until the same foot touches the floor again. This definition encapsulates the entire process of a step, from the initial contact of one foot, through the stance phase where the foot is in contact with the ground and supporting weight, to the subsequent heel-off and swing phase, until the same foot makes contact with the ground again to start a new cycle.
Understanding the gait cycle is crucial for identifying and diagnosing abnormal gait patterns and balance issues, such as ataxia, where there is coordination trouble during movement. Assessments may include watching a normal walk, the tandem gait, and testing walking on heels or toes to evaluate different aspects of balance and motor function.
Bipedal locomotion during a gait cycle innately involves a stance leg and a step leg. To prevent falling during this cycle when the body is balanced on the stance leg, bipedal organisms have developed many anatomical adaptations over time, supporting efficient gait cycles.