Final answer:
The Ottoman Empire contributed to medical literature, including treatises on dentistry, witnessed significant advances in medicine during the reign of Suleiman I, and established educational institutions like madrasas that advanced the study of medicine.
Step-by-step explanation:
The medical world can thank the Ottoman Empire for several significant contributions. Firstly, the Ottomans were influential in the field of medical literature, with many important medical treatises being written due to the empire's vast geographic diversity. This allowed for the comparison of medical treatments across different climates and environments. An example of this is the work by Musa bin Hamun, one of the first treatises dedicated to dentistry.
Secondly, during the reign of Suleiman I, science and medicine witnessed substantial progress, with important advances in fields like astronomy and medicine that contributed to the overall knowledge base and practices of the time.
Finally, Ottoman institutions of higher learning, such as madrasas, were crucial in promoting the study and advancement of various sciences, including medicine. Establishing these educational facilities allowed for the patronage of science, culture, and the continuous operation of hospitals such as the Fatih hospital well into the 19th century.