Final answer:
A participle is a verb form that ends in -ing or -ed and acts as an adjective or adverb, forming a participle phrase when including objects or modifiers. A gerund phrase is an -ing verb acting as a noun, while an infinitive phrase uses the base form of a verb with 'to' and can function in multiple grammatical roles.
Step-by-step explanation:
A participle is a form of a verb that typically ends with -ing or -ed (in regular verbs) and can function as either an adjective or adverb. When a participle has an object or modifiers, it forms a participle phrase. For example, 'Skipping along the forested path,' the participle phrase modifies the subject 'dwarfs.' Additionally, there are other verbal phrases such as the gerund phrase, where the -ing form of a verb functions as a noun. In the sentence 'Hoping against all hope that the balding tires would hold,' the gerund phrase acts as the subject. An infinitive phrase involves the base form of a verb preceded by 'to' and can function in various roles, such as acting adverbially, for instance, 'To resolve an argument, a fistfight is no way.'