Final answer:
Mineralization begins in plaque when acids produced by bacteria dissolve the minerals of the tooth, including the enamel and exposed dentin. The thickened plaque biofilm can eventually calcify into dental calculus or tartar.
Step-by-step explanation:
Mineralization begins in plaque when the acids produced by bacteria in the mouth gradually dissolve the minerals of the tooth, including the enamel, which is the hardest material in the body. The acids also work more quickly on exposed dentin. Over time, the plaque biofilm can become thick and eventually calcify, forming dental calculus or tartar.
Mineralization in dental plaque begins when bacterial biofilms on teeth produce acids that dissolve tooth minerals such as enamel. Enamel, being the hardest material in the body, is nonetheless susceptible to these acids. Dental caries, or cavities, are the result of this demineralization process.