Final Answer:
Infants can and do feel pain, as supported by scientific evidence and research references [379][380].
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement "Infants can and do feel pain" is grounded in extensive scientific research and empirical evidence. The references [379] and [380] likely correspond to specific studies or scholarly articles that provide supporting evidence for this assertion.
Numerous studies have demonstrated that infants, even those in the neonatal period, have the neuroanatomical and neurophysiological capacity to perceive and respond to painful stimuli. The ability to experience pain is crucial for survival as it serves as a protective mechanism. Research has shown that infants not only exhibit physiological responses to noxious stimuli but also display behavioral indicators of pain, such as facial expressions, crying, and changes in motor activity.
Medical professionals and caregivers recognize the significance of managing pain in infants, whether it be associated with medical procedures, illness, or other conditions. The understanding that infants can feel pain has led to advancements in neonatal care, with an emphasis on implementing appropriate pain assessment and management strategies to ensure the well-being and comfort of the infant.
In conclusion, the statement is firmly supported by scientific literature and reflects the consensus in the medical and research community regarding the capacity of infants to experience and express pain. The cited references likely provide detailed information on the specific studies or findings that contribute to our understanding of infant pain perception.